How It Happens

Regulation happens at multiple points of the gene expression process. Here, we’ll explore them in order. All information is from the video cited as reference¹ at the bottom of the page:

Initiation of Transcription - various activatory proteins can be modified to affect the rate of binding of RNA and, consequently, the rate of transcription initiation.

Exon splicing - splicing removes parts of exons away and sticks the remaining parts back together, affecting gene expression.

Passage through the nuclear membrane - this is a step in gene expression, so modifying its efficiency modifies the process.

Destruction of the mRNA transcription - this is done by enzymes.

Protein synthesis - modifying this modifies the number of proteins and, thus, the gene expression process. Amino acids also play a role in the gene expression.

Post-translational modification - chemical modifications such as phosphorylation alters not the creation of proteins, but their work.

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